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IP6 research
Click here to read IP6 & Inositol in Cancer Prevention and Therapy.pdfby Abdul Kalam M. Shamsudden & Ivana Vucenik
IP6By Jose Antonio, Ph.D. "This new cancer-fighter derived from fiber may also prove to be medicine for the new millennium." The Facts:
This year, 564,800 Americans are expected to die of cancer. Although this number is alarming, the good news is that there are sound ways to prevent this nation's No. 2 killer. And, a recent discovery suggests a new natural treatment is on the horizon. Research has long been espousing the benefits of soy in fighting cancer. Only recently, however, are we beginning to understand exactly why. Scientists have isolated a laundry list of soy constituents that suppress carcinogenesis including the Bowman-Birk inhibitor, beta sitosterol, and now, inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) or phytic acid. Currently, there are a growing number of studies that support IP6's cancer-fighting properties. Additionally, IP6 has been shown to have potent antioxidant properties and to help treat kidney stones as well as high cholesterol and lipid levels. What is it, and How Does it Work? IP6, a ubiquitous substance found in virtually all mammals, is composed of the sugar inositol with six phosphate groups attached to it. It is also an important component of cereals and legumes and may be the active ingredient in fiber that is anti-carcinogenic. The typical American diet is low in dietary fiber and relatively high in fat. It is not clear if the increased incidence of cancer is due to high fat intake, low fiber or both. Finland is one country in which the people tend to consume both a high-fat and high-fiber diet, and the risk of dying from breast cancer in Finnish women is lower than American women. Thus, it would seem that eating lots of fiber may be critical to preventing cancer. What We Know Now A study done by scientists at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore examined whether a high-fiber diet reduced the amount of tumor cells in rats. Rats were divided into five groups and fed a diet that contained 0 percent, 5 percent, 10 percent or 20 percent Kellogg's All-Bran cereal; a fifth group received .4 percent IP6 in their drinking water; and amount equal to 20 percent bran. After 29 weeks, they found that in the 5 to 20 percent bran cereal groups, tumor incidence decreased 11 to 17 percent. Oddly enough, the rats that ate the least amount of bran had a lower tumor incidence than the group that ate the most bran. So from this, researchers could at least conclude that there was not a dose-response inhibition of the high-bran diet. This means that we may not need to stuff ourselves full of bran cereal in the morning in order to get the health benefits. But what if we drank the IP6? Rats that were given IP6 in their water had an even lower incidence of tumor formation. In fact, drinking IP6 seemed to work twice as well as eating the high-bran foods. IP6 has been introduced by mouth, by injection directly into tumors, intramuscular injection, intraperitoneal injection, etc. And regardless of how IP6 was given, it consistently had the same effects, whether it was tested on a colon-cancer model, a breast-cancer model, smooth-muscle cells, skeletal muscle tumors, liver cancers, etc. In addition to animal studies, there are several human studies that have shown that IP6 inhibits growth of human prostate cancer cells and adenocarcinoma. Scientists have observed that cancer cells can revert back to normal cells in the presence of IP6. It should be pointed out that most of the research has been done with animals; in order for IP6 to gain greater support by the medical community, more human trials are needed. One Scientist's Discovery Abulkalam Shamsuddin, M.D., of the University of Maryland School of Medicine, is one of the leading authorities on IP6. He has an extensive scientific publication record on the topic of IP6. He reports his findings in his book IP6--Nature's Revolutionary Cancer Fighter (Kensington, 1998). According to Shamsuddin, the best evidence for the role of IP6 in fighting cancer is found in the comparison of cancer rates in Danish and Finnish populations. The fiber consumption of the Danes in nearly twice that of the Finns, yet the incidence of cancer in Danes is twice that of the Finns. This discovery suggests that the quality of fiber may be more important than the quantity of fiber consumed. Shamsuddin says, "The Finns actually eat a lot of porridge, which is where you have a lot of IP6... You see the Danes eat a lot of Fiber, and that fiber does not have IP6." Where Can I Get IP6? Most IP6 is derived from cereals. Corn apparently has the highest concentration of IP6 (~6 percent), followed by sesame (5 percent), wheat (2 to 3 percent) and rice (2 percent). As of this printing, IP6 should now be available in pill or powder form. The advantage of taking a pill over food is that not all IP6 is absorbed from food. For instance, if you eat 100 gm of rice, not all of the 2 gm of IP6 present in that rice will be absorbed. Although Shamsuddin admits that more research needs to be done before more specific dosage recommendations are given, he does provide the following guidelines. For prevention, a normal, healthy individual, should take 1 to 2 gm daily. Individuals with greater risk for cancer (due either to heredity predisposition or lifestyle factors), should take 4 gm daily as a preventive measure. If you want to make IP6 part of your treatment for cancer, take up to 8 gm daily (dose depends on stage of cancer). Editor's note: Individuals should seek the guidance of their health-care practitioners in creating a preventive/treatment plan for cancer. Any Possible Toxicity?According to Shamsuddin, "There are no known harmful side effects of IP6." Suffice it to say that moderation seems to work well for most things in life, and certainly, IP6 is no different. References Shamsuddin, A.M. et al. "IP6: A Novel Anti-Cancer Agent," Life Sciences , 1997; 61:343-54. Vucenik, I. et al., "Comparison of Pure Inositol Hexaphosphate and High-Bran Diet in the Prevention of DMBA-Induced Rat Mammary Carcinogenesis," Nutrition and Cancer , 1997; 28:7-13.
IP6: New Nutraceutical from Fiber Fights Cancer Related Immune Enhancement Formulas Since the 1960's, it has been known that diets high in fiber are associated with reduced rates of cancer. But now we have a much better idea why. New, groundbreaking research indicates that the preventive factor may not be the fiber itself, but an obscure nutrient bound up in fiber, called IP6. Also known as inositol hexaphosphate, phytic acid, or phytate, IP6 is related to the B vitamin inositol, which is found in almost every cell and is essential for nervous system, brain, and reproductive function. In addition to its other functions, inositol controls the growth and number of cells, which is where its essential role in cancer prevention comes in. Inositol helps keep cells from multiplying out of control and overwhelming the immune system, allowing cancer to take hold. In laboratory and animal experiments, inositol has proved beneficial in preventing and slowing the spread of cancer. IP6 is inositol with the addition of six phosphate groups, each of which has an array of biochemical effects on the body. IP6 appears to control cell proliferation even more effectively than inositol; it also may help malignant cells revert to their normal, healthy state. Dr. AbulKalam M. Shamsuddin, M.D., Ph.D., author of "IP6, Nature's Revolutionary Cancer-Fighter," has been researching inositol and IP6 for the past 12 years, sponsored in part by the American Institute for Cancer Research. His laboratory tests have shown that IP6 causes a consistent, reproducible, and statistically significant reduction in cancers that affect various tissues and organs including the colon, breast, prostate, and liver. According to Dr. Shamsuddin, IP6 and inositol together make an "anticancer cocktail" that is more effective than either substance alone. IP6 also appears to be a natural antioxidant that can reverse the effects of damaging free radicals, fight tumor formation and enhance the body's natural disease resistance. IP6 and inositol are abundant in high-fiber foods such as whole grains and legumes (particularly soybeans); researchers believe this may explain, in part, the link between fiber and lower risk for certain cancers. Both substances are also found in wheat germ, nuts, seeds, citrus fruit (except lemons), cantaloupe, raisins, cabbage, lima beans, liver, pork, unrefined molasses, and brewer's yeast. Dosage and Safety There is no concern about safety with IP6 or inositol, as neither has ever displayed adverse effects, even at high doses. If you decide to take supplemental IP6 and inositol, Dr. Shamsuddin recommends a total daily amount of 1 to 2 grams per day as a preventive supplement to the diet, taken in a divided dose, twice a day. For those at high risk of cancer or cardiovascular disease, he recommends double that dose (2 to 4 grams per day). And for those with existing cancer, Dr. Shamsuddin advises taking 5 to 8 grams per day, either alone or as an effectiveness-enhancing supplement to other chemotherapeutic agents. NOTE: If you have cancer or any other immune-related condition, be sure to talk to your health practitioner before beginning IP6 and inositol supplementation. Reference Site : http://www.vegez.com/health_nutrition/article.asp?ID=201 IP6 Back In Headlines As Possible Cancer Treatment A University of Maryland School of Medicine researcher is finding that a common, naturally-occurring substance can shrink tumors, stop their growth, even make cancer cells normal again. In a study of human liver cancer cells treated with inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) and transplanted into mice, Abulkalam M. Shamsuddin, MD, PhD, professor of pathology, and colleagues found that IP6 slowed or stopped the growth of liver cancer cells and shrank existing tumors three- to four-fold. The Maryland researchers reported their findings at the American Association for Cancer Research (AICR) annual meeting in New Orleans today. "IP6 does not kill cancer cells; it tames them and makes them behave like normal cells," says Shamsuddin. His research has focused on the cancer-fighting properties of the sugar-based compound for more than a decade. Inositol hexaphosphate is a sugar molecule attached to six phosphate molecules. It is found throughout nature, in wheat and rice bran, legumes such as soybeans, and virtually every kind of mammalian cell. It plays an important role in regulating vital cellular functions, including cell proliferation and differentiation. IP6 decreases proliferation of cancer cells and causes them to differentiate, often reverting to the size, shape and structure of normal cells, Shamsuddin reports. "IP6 has striking anticancer action, both in vitro (in a test tube) and in vivo (in live animals)," he says. In the human liver cancer cell study, Shamsuddin's team treated human hepatocellular carcinoma cells with varying doses of pure IP6. The result was partial to complete inhibition of cell growth and proliferation,depending on the dose. Treated cells transplanted into mice produced no tumors over the 41 days of the experiment, while 71 percent of mice receiving untreated cancer cells developed tumors. Mice that developed tumors from the human cancer-cell line were injected with IP6 for 12 consecutive days. After the last treatment, their tumors weighed three- to four-fold less than they had before the injections, Shamsuddin reports. IP6 has moved in and out of medical favor ever since its discovery. Its antioxidant properties sparked excitement, followed by concern that IP6 binds tightly with important minerals such as calcium, magnesium,copper, iron and zinc, preventing the body from absorbing them properly. Recent studies have shown that concern to be unfounded, says Shamsuddin. It is true that IP6, when consumed, combines with various proteins and other large molecules to form insoluble compounds which are not readily absorbed or metabolized, the researcher notes. For that reason, adding IP6 to the diet would be less effective than giving it in a pure form, dissolved in water and either drunk or injected, the researcher says. "Although IP6 is the substance responsible for cereal's anticancer effects, intake of pure IP6 may be a more practical approach than gorging on enormous quantities of dietary fiber to prevent cancer," he remarks. Shamsuddin also has tested IP6 on colon, lung, breast and prostate cancer cells, on leukemias, fibrosarcomas and muscle cell cancers in children. "IP6 has a potential for use as a novel preventive measure and treatment for a variety of cancers," Shamsuddin suggests. It also holds promise for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, kidney stones and possibly even immune-system disorders like AIDS, he says. Shamsuddin's research was supported in part by the American Institute for Cancer Research. Reference Site : http://www.vegez.com/health_nutrition/article.asp?ID=198 Q : I recently listened to part of a radio interview with a cancer researcher talking about touting something called IP-6 as a natural cure for cancer. What can you tell me about this substance? A: I believe you probably heard an interview with A. K. M. Shamsuddin, M.D., Ph.D., Professor of Pathology at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. Dr. Shamsuddin is the world-renowned expert on IP-6 which is short for inositol hexaphosphate. Cure might be too strong of a word to use to describe IP-6, but it certainly is extremely promising. IP-6 is found in whole grains and beans, but is absorbed much better when it is taken on its own in pill form. IP6 is a natural anti-oxidant. It has anti-tumor function and enhances our body's natural resistance against cancer by stimulating the immune system. In animal experiments, Ip-6 has demonstrated impressive effects in preventing and reversing cancer. Unfortunately there are no studies with IP-6 in humans with cancer. Even so, based on its safety (it is completely non-toxic) and possible benefit, I am recommending IP-6 to my patients with cancer. Why would I elect to prescribe IP-6 before clinical documentation exists? What we know about IP-6 at present is that it is a relatively inexpensive natural substance that poses absolutely no health risk, yet holds the promise of being a real answer to one of the most deadly diseases on this planet - cancer. There is no downside and based on the work of Dr. Shamsuddin and others the potential upside is enormous. It is certainly in our patient's best interest to give them the opportunity to experience the possibility that IP-6 promises. Unlike many of the other natural substances often promoted to cancer patients, I believe that IP-6 offers real hope. Extrapolation of data from animal studies to human suggests that for the otherwise normal healthy individuals, a total daily amount of 1 - 2 g of IP6 should be sufficient supplement to the diet. For individuals with a high risk for cancer or cardiovascular disease, kidney stone, fatty liver etc., this amount should be doubled. And finally for treatment of existing cancer, Dr. Shamsuddin suggests even high dosages. Reference Site : http://www.doctormurray.com/Qarchive/ip6.ht Complementary and alternative therapies IP6 Other names Phytic acid, inositol hexaphosphate Common uses Cancer prevention, supplement to cancer treatment Forms available Pills, powder Customary dos e 1-5 gm daily. Side effects None reported How it may work Instead of destroying tumor cells, it seems to "tame" cancer cells into behaving like normal cells. Evidence for anti-cancer activity IP6 may be responsible for the antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of green tea and grains. In animal studies, this compound has been tested for activity against colon cancer, breast cancer, skeletal muscle tumors, and liver cancer. It slows the growth of several types of cancer cells. In humans, IP6 blocks the development of prostate cancer and adenocarcinoma. IP6 is a polyphosphorylated carbohydrate found in nature (including most mammalian cells). Several in vitro studies reveal that it inhibits the growth of epithelial cancers of breast and colon, reduces cell proliferation and, leads to cellular differentiation in several cell lines. IP6 in supplement form is more concentrated than in food. Early research suggested that the body could not assimilate IP6 because it might bind tightly with minerals, but there is no evidence that IP6 reduces the bioavailability of minerals in the body. This nutraceutical appears to be well-absorbed and metabolized when taken in pure form. However, like other powerful antioxidants, it may interfere with chemotherapy and radiation and therefore should be reserved for post-treatment. References Huang, C. Inositol hexaphosphate inhibits cell transformation and activator protein 1 activation by targeting phosphatidylinositol-3' kinase-1. Cancer Research , 57:2873-2878 1997 Saied IT; Shamsuddin AM. Up-regulation of the tumor suppressor gene p53 and WAF1 gene expression by IP6 in HT-29 human colon carcinoma cell line. Anticancer Res, 273(3A):1479-84 1998 May-June Shamsuddin AM; Yang GY; Vucenik I. Novel anti-cancer functions of IP6: growth inhibition and differentiation of human mammary cancer cell lines in vitro. Anticancer Res, 273(6A):3287-92 1996 Nov-Dec Vucenik I; Tantivejkul K; Zhang ZS; Cole KE; Saied I; Shamsuddin. IP6 in treatment of liver cancer. I. IP6 inhibits growth and reverses transformed phenotype in HepG2 human liver cancer cell line. Anticancer Re s, 18(6A):4083-90 1998 Nov-Dec Vucenik I; Yang GY; Shamsuddin AM. Comparison of pure inositol hexaphosphate and high-bran diet in the prevention of DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis. Nutr Cancer , 57(14):7-13 1997 Vucenik I; Kalebic T; Tantivejkul K; Shamsuddin AM. Novel anticancer function of inositol hexaphosphate: inhibition of human rhabdomyosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. Anticancer Res , 275:1377-84 1998 May-Jun Reference Site : http://www.susanlovemd.com/takecharge/alternatives/supplements/IP6.htm |
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